Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility

Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility April Duhon DeVry University The United States has several laws that are intended to further fair, balanced, and competitive business practices. Do you think that such laws are effective? If so, why? If not, why not? The effectiveness of the laws that the United States have that are intended to further fair, balanced, and competitive business practices depends on how ethical a business is. Below I will explain why I do not believe these laws are effective due to the way ethical businesses follow the law and unethical businesses do not follow the law. In response to the growth of monopolies that threatened to destroy competition in the marketplace Congress passed the Sherman†¦show more content†¦I believe we need to provide more rewards since people seem to respond more in favor of these. Some companies provide this within their businesses to encourage ethical behavior. According to our book, â€Å"Companies with strong ethical practices create cultures that reward good behavior—and don’t intentionally or unintentionally reward bad behavior.† (Bovee, 2013, p.72) This may prove to be more beneficial and will give a business an incentive to want to do good instead of downgraded punishments for doing wrong. References SALINGER, LAWRENCE M. (2004). Encyclopedia of White-Collar Corporate Crime, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. Clayton Antitrust Act, 2014, http://www.britannica.com.proxy.devry.edu/EBchecked/topic/120766/Clayton-Antitrust-Act Sherman Antitrust Act, 2014, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/540115/Sherman-Antitrust-Act Firestone wins Liberian child labor case in US, 2013, http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/07/13/ozatp-firestone-childlabor-idAFJOE76C02L20110713 Bovee, C. L., Thill, J. V. (2013). Business in Action Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education,Show MoreRelatedBusiness Ethics And Corporate Social Responsibility Essay1382 Words   |  6 PagesSOLUTION Business Ethics Business ethics are moral principles that guide the way a business behaves. The same principles that determine an individual’s actions also apply to business. Acting in an ethical way involves distinguishing between â€Å"right† and â€Å"wrong† and then making the â€Å"right† choice. It is relatively easy to identify unethical business practices. For example, companies should not use child labor. They should not unlawfully use copyrighted materials and processes. They should not engageRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility And Business Ethics8391 Words   |  34 Pages CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND BUSINESS ETHICS Final Project Report for Legal Aspects of Management Submitted To Prof. Dr. D.S. Sengar Professor, IIM Lucknow Submitted By Group 9 Abhinav Bansal, PGP31186 Chheda Adarsh Jayesh, PGP31199 Manideep Akarapu, PGP31213 Ritika Srivastava, PGP31226 Surbhi Aggarwal, PGP31239 â€Æ' Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Acknowledgement 4 Business Ethics 5 Corporate Social Responsibilty 7 CSR Law 7 Crisis Management CSR 10 Read MoreBusiness Ethics And Corporate Social Responsibility1502 Words   |  7 Pages Nowadays, a business wants to exist and grow in a society, which business ethics and corporate social responsibility are sensitive and crucial objectives, the business should do what is right. Many people agree that business does not exist beyond society, it is a citizenship in the society. Therefore, business has to have many certain obligations and social responsibility. It generally means business have to do something good for the community, making social contribution, and using effectivelyRead MoreBusiness Ethics : Corporate Social Responsibility Essay1675 Words   |  7 PagesSeydina M. Fall E-Business Ethics A corporation must try to avoid egregious negative externalities, must actively promote corporate social responsibility (CSR), and must engage in philanthropy. Let’s take the example of the mining industry, in which 75% of mining companies (diamonds, copper, uranium, cobalt, etc.) are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange1. For Canada, mining is a source of economic prosperity that brings along with it some risks. To maintain their competitive advantage, it is crucialRead MoreBusiness Ethics And Corporate Social Responsibility1512 Words   |  7 PagesSocial Responsibility ITC Ltd has worked exremly hard to start several procedures that have led to compliance of the standards of social responsibility. ITC’s dealings within the tobacco industry have contributed to the increase in company revenues and the company has worked towards following the triple bottom line and giving back to society. Most, businesses pay little attention to their social responsibilities and make it part of their overall strategy, instead they concentrate more on financialRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Business Ethics1964 Words   |  8 Pagesfrom the variety of companies that they have the option to endorse. A business can spend millions of dollars on advertising, researching, sampling and surveying customers all of which can be undone by a mistake that ruins their reputation. Corporate social responsibility is a term that has its origins in the 1950s. It refers to â€Å"situations where the firm goes beyond compliance and engages in actions that appear to fu rther some social good, beyond the interests of the firm and that which is required byRead MoreCorporate, Social Responsibility And Business Ethics1958 Words   |  8 PagesCONCEPTS applied by the organization CAT (based on 3 units-communication skills, ethics and behaviour, goal settings) We did some research online and decided to choose CATERPILLAR as our subject. Its performance is used as an indication to figure out world’s economy today. This is a six sigma company and follows all the quality standards and all the business process discussed in the text book. Thus we have applied our concepts and applications based on the work done by Caterpillar Inc. It is anRead MoreBusiness Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility Essay722 Words   |  3 PagesEthics are a collection of principles of right conduct that shape the decisions people or organizations make. In a market economy, a business put all possible effort in its own best interest in order to make the best profit. In other hand, businesses are involved each other in that process. It’s ethical in business to do the best possible for your own business without harm the interests or profits to other businesses involved. Ethical behavior is what all carrier people should have in all businessesRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : A Business Ethics Stance Essay897 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility From a business ethics stance â€Å"corporate social responsibility† (Velazquez, 2007, pp. 23), refers to the social interest an organization manifest in the environment it operates. SoftMagic has not seized opportunities from corporate social responsibility. In the U.S., the use of pro-bono activities to develop networking is fundamental considering that multiple leaders of different firms participate and engage in activities that consequently offer an opportunity toRead MoreBusiness Ethics, Corporate Social Responsibility, Integrity, And Integrity1318 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract The success of business now a days is apparent, but recently there is much concern in the business (and in society) literature and in the general press on whether business fulfils its social role responsibly. Business ethics, have been created in recent years as responses to an increasing sense of corporate wrong doing. This essay attempts to discuss what business ethics are for improvement of business behavior to the satisfaction of the â€Å"constituents† of business, i.e. the major stakeholders

Vigilantism During the California Gold Rush Essay

Vigilantism is the black eye on the history of the American frontier. During the 19th century due to a lack of trust, competence, or unreliable law enforcement, the settlers on the frontiers took it upon themselves to provide security and safety for their newly progressing cities. Life in the developing American west was difficult and created many problems for everyone involved. Texas’ history is riddled with skirmishes, wars, and feuds that called upon the local civilians to turn to vigilantism. So to, Arizona and New Mexico, while struggling to gain their statehood, saw instances of civilian uprisings to quell local violence. Of course, however, neither Texas nor the American Southwest saw the hotbed of violence and destruction that†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"At the time of the discovery, the population of California totaled around 15,000, excluding native Indians. By the end of 1849, after the international gold rush had been under way for nearly six months, the total population had passed 90,000. By 1852, it had reached well over 220,000.† Between the time periods of 1848-1852, â€Å"as many as 25,000 Mexicans migrated to the mining regions of California.† During this same span, over 2,000 African Americans had made their way into California, and by 1855 â€Å"as many as 50,000 Chinese sought wealth in California.† In addition, Chilean and French comprised two more large groups of immigrants, with estimates of 20,000 French by 1851 and somewhere between 5,000 and 8,000 Chilean by 1850. Moreover, it was not only the privileged, wealthy individuals who were the ones moving in search of gold; on the contrary, it was people from all avenues and walks of life. Individuals with nothing to lose and those with everything to lose boarded wagon trains, ships, and boats and headed for San Francisco. The California Gold Rush turned hardworking, sensible individuals into crazed, strike it rich enthusiasts. â€Å"People of al l classes had departed for the diggings, including school teachers, mechanics, physicians, lawyers, tailors, clergymen, laborers, merchants, teamsters, cooks, gamblers, the first and second alcaldes, the sheriff,Show MoreRelatedLife In the Wild West1520 Words   |  6 Pagesand west of the Mississippi river. This time period lasted for about thirty years, and during this time there were a variety of people that roamed around the towns such as outlaws, lawmen, Native Americans, townspeople, and cowboys. Out in the Wild West the towns were small but, for the size of them, they were called home for many people. The Wild West started near the time if the California Gold Rush and it lasted to nearly the end of the century. The Wild West came into existence because

How Was Sparta Governed Free Essays

How was Sparta governed? The Spartan Government Ancient Spartan government was a complex system of intertwined elements, which affected the power control. In many ways, ancient Sparta was a communist state, with the lack of luxuries, other Grecian states enjoyed and the strict control for equality but was complicated with the almost religious need for a democratic vote. Sparta had three levels of government; the Kings’, the Gerousia, the Ephors and the Ekklesia, each having their own requirements, limitations and powers. We will write a custom essay sample on How Was Sparta Governed or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Spartan monarchy consisted of 2 kings which governed over Sparta. Unlike other Grecian kings, Spartan Kings had very little power and did not have an autocratic rule over day-to-day life. A Spartan kings’ duties were classified as religious, military, judicial roles. As the head figure of religion in Sparta, the kings were the priests of Zeus, Lacedaemonis and Zeus Uranius. The kings’ family would also worship these gods. As a monthly ritual, the kings were expected to make an animal sacrifice to the god Apollo, as to maintain the pleasure of the gods. This was similar to the sacrifice he would make prior to going to war. As a part of his religious role, the king would appoint two Pythioi who would travel back and forth to consult with the oracle (a possessed priestess whom was said to speak the words of the Gods) at Delphi. During a time of war, only one king would be sent with the battalions, and would be the supreme commander of the army. In the field of battle, the king would have ultimate power over his troops, including the life or death of his army. During the course of the war, the king would have a personal bodyguard of 100 men. Being a part of the royal bodyguard was considered to be one of the greatest honours. Amongst this body guard, 2 members of the Ephor’s would be in attendance, and keep an eye on his activities. They would record any failure or misconduct during a military campaign and could lead to the recall of the army, or punishment of the king. As stated above, the Kings’ power was strictly limited, which is seen in his judicial role. The king was responsible for all matters pertaining to public highways (e. g. the repairs, conflicts, etc). He was responsible for all legal matters in regards to the adoption of children and the power to decide upon the marriage partner of an heiress whose father died. Despite the extremities of limits the kings’ faced he had privileges which were considered as a ‘luxury’ in terms of Spartan society, such as the kings’ being supported at the expense of the state. They would also receive minor honours such as the best seats at religious festivals. During mealtimes, the kings were given the first seats at a banquet and were served first at the Syssitia. During the Syssition the kings would also receive double portions of a meal. Another privilege of the kings, following a successful war campaign, the king (who went to war) would be given a percentage of the spoils of victory. The kings could also receive the skins of any animal that had been sacrificed in a religious ceremony. At the event of a king’s death, all public business would be ceased for a 10 day period, where civilians would wear mourning clothing. During his funeral, the king’s reign would be lauded as being greater than any other previous king. Herodotus describes the role of the kings in The Histories in Book VI (6) as â€Å"The prerogatives of the Spartan kings are these: two priesthoods, of Zeus Lakedaemon†¦ and the power of declaring war on whom they please†. The kings’ role in governing Sparta was more of figure of status, that maintaining any real power outside the battlefields of war. Following the Kings’ power, were the Gerousia. The Gerousia was a group of 28 members (a total of 30, with addition of the kings’). The requirements to join the Gerousia was to be a man sixty years or older, and considered to be too old for warfare. Aristotle describes the Gerousia as â€Å"it might be debated whether they should be continued judges for life and so determine matters of the greatest importance, since the mind has its old age as well as the body†. Being a member of this particular government was considered to be prestigious and ensured the high status of the Spartiate as the position carried on until the death of the individual. The Gerousia was a body whose position it was to prepare and debate bills, which were then passed on to the lower levels of government. Their other main function was to be the head court of justice, and would decide upon treasonous crimes by the citizens. Unlike the kings’ powers having limitations, the Gerousia’s only main limitation was that although it was the court of Justice, it was the Ephors who were the Supreme court of Appeal. From this, the Gerousia is deemed a powerful level of government. The Ephors were next in power, below the Gerousia, but considered one of the most powerful bodies of government. The Ephors were a body of 5 men aged 30 and above who had full Spartiate citizenship. These men were supposedly representatives for every village in Sparta. The roles of the Ephors were monitoring the kings’, interactions with the Ekklesia, controlled the education and the Krypteia. As a part of the Ephors, or Ephorate, the citizen had an enormous power over the king. As such, they could monitor the king in his own home, 2 members would join a king should warfare occur and bring could bring him to an account, should he fail to have a successful war campaign. During a time of war, it was also the responsibility of the Ephors to organise the mobilisation of the army. A failure could lead him to defend himself in front of a court of Gerousia and Ephorate members, whose role it was to be the deciders of a king’s fate if prosecuted for wrong-doing. The Ephors were also the supreme court and supreme court of appeal in Sparta, allowing them significant power over the Spartiates, Inferiors and Helots. In As an Ephor, a Spartiate held much control over the laws in which Sparta was governed. They could introduce legislation, which, without the permission of the Ephors, foreign envoys could not enter into Sparta. They could also create laws for foreign policies and control when meetings of the Ekklesia and Gerousia took place. They would oversee and preside over the meetings, introduce legislation and check on the numerous magistrates in Sparta. Ephorates had the power to control the Krypteia, a secret police for Spartiate boys aged 19 – 24 whose objective was to hunt and kill Helots. The Ephors also had the power to allocate Helots to Spartiate families, who would work domestic jobs for them as serfs. The Ephors also controlled the run the Agoge, or Spartan education system. This was a complex system where boys were sent out at the age of 7 until approximately 20 to learn to be warriors. Similar to the Gerousia, the Ephors had limitations to their powers. This included that their time in office was a single year and after that single term, they could not become an Ephor again. After their term in office, the Spartiate would revert to a citizen and it was said that if an Ephor behaved badly during his time in office, he could be trialled for his misdoings. Aristotle provides information on the Ephors stating; â€Å"†¦ he Ephorate†¦ has supreme authority in the most important matters†, which adds to the belief that the Ephors being a key part in government and the running of Sparta. The Ekklesia or as referred to in older books as the Apella, was the assembly of the Spartiate males, who were involved in Spartan politics. Any Spartiate male over the age of 30 who had retained his citizenship was eligible to sit in the assembly. The Ekklesia had the power for legislations, elections, warfare, kingships and Helots. When the Ephors presented legislations to the Ekklesia, the assembly had the right to vote on laws; and they could ratify treaties. The Ekklesia is also responsible for the elections of the Gerousia and Ephors, and deciding which king would go to war with the Army. Although it’s disputed, it was said from c. 700 BC onwards that the Ekklesia had the right to declare war on enemies. When the families of royal lineage disputed over the next monarch, it was the Ekklesia who would ultimately choose who would take the throne. Most disputes originated on the laws of succession, as a male son could not take the throne should he be born prior to his father succeeding the throne. Should that situation arise, it would be passed on to the next male heir. Other succession disputes originate from the lack of male heirs, in which case the throne would be passed on to the nephews of the late king. The Ekklesia was also responsible for the freeing of Helots, should they have done something extremely courageous on the battle front, to earn their freedom. The Ekklesia had many limitations to their power, as they could not offer amendments to any of the presented legislations. Their democratic votes for laws could be ignored by the higher levels of government (Ephors or Gerousia) or be contradicted by Rider to the Rhetra which was introduced by previous kings, Polydorus and Theopompous. Although the Ekklesia was one of the largest bodies of government in Sparta, it very limited in the influences it could make on Spartan society. Spartan government was a complex set of layers, which had many limitations to the amount of power each layer had. How to cite How Was Sparta Governed, Papers

Defining Art Essay Example For Students

Defining Art Essay Can Art be defined? An artist can create anything and put their mark on it and deem it as art. I believe art to be a sculpture, painting, or any piece of creative work that brings enjoyment to the artist and an from the beholder. Art allows you to view the world through someone else’s eyes and obtain their perspective on the subject at hand. Art is everywhere around us. It is expressed in many forms and fashions. From railroad car graffiti, a formal piece in a museum, a one of a kind piece of jewelry or designer fashion clothing, it is all forms of art. Art can bring out an array of feelings in people. Some pieces of art depict happiness or focus on beauty, which would in turn bring out joyous feelings. Art can also display images or subject lines that are not as pleasant to entertain at times which can allow us to be compelled to a feeling of sadness. Art can be a therapeutic way to deal with emotions. Autistic children and people dealing with tragedies can often express themselves and deal with emotions through art. I really enjoy painting old furniture and giving it a new look, a new life. It tends to remind me that all things in life can be restored and made beautiful again with some work and determination. No matter what the circumstances or situation it can always be made into something beautiful. Art seems to always tell a story even though words are never spoken. My concept of art is paintings, sculptures, drawings, or anything that is created or transformed at the hands of the artist. I personally tend to enjoy paintings that are of landscapes and nature. I always seem to navigate to the paintings, especially oil, that remind me of times during my childhood. Paintings of a countryside with a barn and rolling hills or a grandfather fishing with a child on the banks of a pond, takes me back to a â€Å"happy place† in my life. I truly then feel like I am understanding what the artist is meaning to depict. Marsh Farm by Darko Topalski is a simple but impressive painting to me as it reminds me of a farmhouse that used to sit on a hill across the field from my childhood home. I find colors to be influential in bringing out emotions when observing a piece of art. I enjoy art that has warm, muted colors as a feel that give that feeling of serenity. I think paintings with warm or vibrant colors tend to depict a much happier and content scene. The content is much more important to me than the formal qualities. Once again, I like the feeling of being able to connect with the artist and feel like he actually painted the picture looking through my eyes. I think for some people the formal qualities would be more important. That’s the beauty of art, everyone has their own perception of the same piece. Art in my opinion is anything that we view and receive enjoyment. It also compels us to appreciate the talent of the artist. Art brings out emotions as we interpret the story and statement the artist is trying to convey.

Honda Element free essay sample

Study about â€Å"The Honda Element† Comment on the factors leading to success of the Element include Honda’s platform strategy as well as any other aspects oft he new product progress that you feel relevant. The Element—a cost-efficient, new light truck from Honda—is conceived for the target Generation Y. This generation is a really lucrative market, almost as large as the â€Å"baby boom† generation. In this way, Honda used demographic segmentation to identify a segment with very high potential. According to market survey, the Honda cars are basically driven by young women and families, but not so much by young men. The main idea of the product team was to develop an affordable, new design that target users would like to drive. To do this, it is important to understand the core values and beliefs of the target audience. Researchers with camcorders analyzed a clear picture of young males in the target market. We will write a custom essay sample on Honda Element or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They seemed to have a strong cohort identification, support of social and environmental causes, were well educated, and seemed to be less career-driven than older generations. These results helped the Honda Team to create a car that fits perfectly for this target. The important aspects included the need for room for sports equipment, as well as a place to sleep on weekend trips, and so on. These were important for the buying decision of young people in the target audience. Accordingly, the Element truck is positioned for the single individual with an unconventional lifestyle. For this target there are four unique and important design themes: adaptability/modularity, authenticity, functionality, attitude/expression. These differ from the three corporate guidelines from Honda: performance, safety, and value.. During the creating progress several things happened simultaneously. During the process, team members visited male students to get their feedback and make little â€Å"quick-turn† improvements. For the best management support, the Honda Element team invited the Honda executives together with Generation Y students for a weekend camping trip. The team wanted the managers to feel like they lived a life of a target user. This simple strategy worked out ell, and the Honda Element was approved by the Honda management team. The development of new car products is usually separated into several subsystems. In the case of the Element, these were exterior, interior, suspension and power train, which all had their own design strategy. The Element started to be delivered to dealerships in summer 2003. The brand’s name â€Å"Element† was the favorite in research studies with the targe t audience. According to the Generation Y target, the advertising wasn’t traditional. Honda created interest in auto enthusiastic groups, at auto shows, and at colleges. They also sponsored surf events and tailgate parties at universities. In conclusion the Element reached 75,000 sales in 2004, which was clearly above the forecast. The typical Element buyer was across all age groups, mostly male and has a more active lifestyle than typical Civic buyers. Try also to work out what the product innovation charter PIC might have been for the Element. As the background, the Element by Honda should be a cost-efficient, light truck, especially for males of the Generation Y. It is positioned for the single individual with an unconventional lifestyle. The typical Honda guidelines are performance, safety and value. In case of this new developed car, the guidelines were added to with adaptability/modularity, authenticity, functionality, attitude/expression. According to the target audience the marketing plan wasn’t traditional. They made auto shows or sponsored surf events and college parties. The goal of the planning team was to create an easy not to complex created, new car, that doesn’t cost more than 20,000$, with around 50,000 sales in the first year. Surprisingly they reached 75,000 sales in 2004. What tangible benefits results from bringing in the voice oft he customer? By introducing the reviews from college students during the production, fundamental changes could be made. This ensured that the product also meets the expectations of the client. During the brainstorming in the early stage of development, the target audience opinion was very important. The Element should be a target group oriented car that made the collaboration very important. The constant balance of interests made it possible to generate the right car, leading to higher sales and profit. What could be learned from this case for firms in industries other automobile manufacture? The most important fact we learned about this case is that you have to work together with the target audience you wish to have for your product. You should look after their special needs and wishes to create the product they are looking for. In this way you can ensure greater benefits and sales.

Building Management Systems Essay Example

Building Management Systems Essay Example Building Management Systems Essay Building Management Systems Essay Essay Topic: To Build a Fire A BMS consists of software and hardware; the software program, usually configured in a hierarchical manner, can be proprietary, using such protocols as C-bus, Profibus, and so on. Vendors are also producing BMSs that integrate using Internet protocols and open standards such as DeviceNet, SOAP, XML, BACnet and Modbus. A BMS is most common in a large building. Its core function is to manage the environment within the building and may control temperature, carbon dioxide levels and humidity within a building. As a core function in most BMS systems, it controls heating and cooling, manages the systems that distribute this air throughout the building (for example by operating fans or opening/closing dampers), and then locally controls the mixture of heating and cooling to achieve the desired room temperature. A secondary function sometimes is to monitor the level of human-generated CO2, mixing in outside air with waste air to increase the amount of oxygen while also minimising heat/cooling losses. Systems linked to a BMS typically represent 40% of a buildings energy usage; if lighting is included, this number approaches 70%. BMS systems are a critical component to managing energy demand. Improperly configured BMS systems are believed to account for 20% of building energy usage, or approximately 8% of total energy usage in the United States. As well as controlling the buildings internal environment, BMS systems are sometimes linked to access control (turnstiles and access doors controlling who is allowed access and egress to the building) or other security systems such as closed-circuit television (CCTV) and motion detectors. Fire alarm systems and elevators are also sometimes linked to a BMS, for example, if a fire is detected then the system could shut off dampers in the ventilation system to stop smoke spreading and send all the elevators to the ground floor and park them to prevent people from using them in the event of a fire. In this report it is discussed the building management system (BMS) implemented in Administration Building of Trelleborg Lanka (Pvt) Ltd. It is a distributed control system with a computerized network of electronic devices. The BMS was setup is to control, monitor and optimize building service such as Lighting, Air conditioning, Fire security, CCTV system, etc. Main objectives were as follows. ? Good control of internal comfort conditions ? Zonal control ? Increased staff productivity ? Effective monitoring and targeting of energy consumption ? Effective response to HVAC-related complaints ? Flexibility on change of building use ? Central control and monitoring of building ? Time saving ? Low operating cost ? Efficient use of building resources and services Rapid alarm indication and fault diagnosis Systems linked to the BMS represent 80% of a buildings energy usage. Fire alarm systems and elevators are also linked to the BMS, for example, if a fire is detected then the system could shut off dampers in the ventilation system to stop smoke spreading and send all the elevators to the ground floor and park them to prevent people from using them in the event of a fire. The BMS comprises: ? Power system ? Li ghting system ? Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning system ? Security system Fire alarm system ? Elevators etc. 2. 0 SENSOR AND ACTUATORS USED ? Temperature Transducers [pic] [pic] ? Pressure sensors [pic] [pic] ? Humidity Sensor ? Differential Pressure sensors [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] ? Humidity Transducers [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] ? Level sensors ? CO2 sensor ? Flow Meter ? CCTV Cameras ? Light sensors ? Occupancy sensors ? Water Pumps ? Valve actuators ? Fans 3. 0 DETAILS OF CONTROLLERS/DDC USED Inputs allow the controller to read temperatures, humidity, pressure, air flow, and other essential factors. The outputs allow the controller to send command and control signals to slave devices, and to other parts of the system. Inputs and outputs are digital or analog. The BMS is facilitated with a System/Network controller as this is a Supermarket/Office building. System controllers provide general purpose feedback loops, as well as digital circuits. System/Network controllers are applied to control more mechanical systems such as an Air Handler Unit (AHU), boiler, chiller, etc. Terminal Unit controller is used for control of lighting. |POINT SCHEDULE -BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEM (TRELLEBORG LANKA (PVT) LTD |   |   |   |   |   |   | | | | | |DIGITA|DIGITA|ANALOG |ANALOG| | | | | | |L |L |INPUT |OUTPUT| | | | | | |INPUT |OUTPUT| | | | | | | | |DI |DO |AI | |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | | | | | | | | | [pic] 4. 0 SOFTWARE, GUI AND COMM UNICATION PROTOCOLS USED Open protocols were used. ? DeviceNet ? XML ? simple graphical interface 5. 0 DRAWBACKS OF THE SYSTEM ? Confusion is higher about responsibility of errors and faulty point identification when things go wrong since the open protocols were used. ? More than one points of contacts for any problem with BMS. ? Software and hardware was provided by different manufactures according to the requirements indicated in the point schedule. 6. 0 DISCUSSION The BMS implemented in Administration Building of Trelleborg Lanka (Pvt) Ltd comprises above mentioned mechanical and electrical services in order to provide the facilities necessary for maintaining a comfortable working environment. Basic controls took the form of manual switching, time clocks or temperature switches that provide the on and off signals for enabling pumps, fans or valves etc. The purpose of the Building Management System (BMS) was to automate and take control of these operations in the most efficient way possible for the occupiers, within the constraints of the installed plant. The BMS is a â€Å"stand alone† computer system that calculates the pre-set requirements of the building and control the connected plant to meet those needs. Its inputs, such as temperature sensors and outputs, such as on/off signals are connected into outstations around the building. Programmes within these outstations use this information to decide the necessary level of applied control. The level of control via the BMS is dependent upon the information received from its sensors and the way in which its programmes tell it to respond to that information. As well as offering a precise degree of control to its environment, it can be made to alarm on conditions that can’t meet specification or warn of individual items of plant failure. Occupancy times for different areas are programmed into the Building Management System such that the plant is brought on and off to meet the occupier requirements. These times are often under optimum start control. This means that the chilled water pumps, AHU, etc are enabled, at a varying predetermined time, to ensure that the cooled space is at the set desired temperature for the start of the day. The Building Automation System therefore, based on the outside air temperature the space temperature and the building structure, determines the AC plant start time. Occupied, Unoccupied are the two operating modes for the building automation system. Occupancy is usually based on time of day schedules. In Occupancy mode, the BMS aims to provide a comfortable climate and adequate lighting, often with zone-based control so that users on one side of a building have a different thermostat than users on the opposite side. A temperature sensor in the zone provides feedback to the controller, so it can deliver cooling as needed. Lighting can be turned on and off with the building automation system based on time of day by occupancy sensors and timers. One typical example is to turn the lights in a space on for a half hour since the last motion was sensed. A photocell placed outside a building can sense darkness, and the time of day, and modulate lights in outer offices and the parking lot. Air handlers mix return and outside air so less temperature change is needed. This can save money by using less chilled water. Some external air is needed to keep the buildings air healthy. Analog temperature sensors have been placed in the space, the return and supply air ducts. Actuators are placed on chilled water valves, the outside air and return air dampers. The supply fan is started and stopped based on temperatures and building pressures combination. The constant volume air handling unit, are used. CAVs open and close dampers and water-supply valves to maintain temperatures in the buildings spaces. They cool the spaces by opening or closing chilled water valves that feed their internal heat exchangers. Generally one CAV serves several spaces. Chilled water is used to cool a buildings air and equipment. The chilled water system has two chillers and pumps. Analog temperature sensors measure the chilled water supply and return lines. The chillers are sequenced on and off to chill the chilled water supply. Two cooling towers and pumps are used to supply cool condenser water to the chillers. The condenser water supply to the chillers has to be constant so, speed drives are used on the cooling tower fans to control temperature. Proper cooling tower temperature assures the proper refrigerant head pressure in the chiller. Analog temperature sensors measure the condenser water supply and return lines. The building automation system has alarm capabilities. If an alarm is detected, it is programmed to notify someone. Notification is through a computer and audible alarm. Fire and smoke alarm systems are hard-wired to override building automation. The hot water system supplies heat to hot water heating coils. The hot water system has a boiler and pumps. Analog temperature sensors are placed in the hot water supply. The boiler and pumps are sequenced on and off to maintain supply. Name : A. P. W. Jayasekara(09/8660) P. G. C. Karunathilake(09/8663) W. M. A. S. Wijethunga(09/8678) T. N. Walpita(09/8676) Course : MSc in Electrical Engineering-Department of Electrical Engineering, University Of Moratuwa. Lec. By : Prof. Lanka Udawatta. Date : 2010-08-14 ASSIGNMENT Building Management System – EE5118

Compare and contrast the accumulation of engineering ethical issues Essay

Compare and contrast the accumulation of engineering ethical issues leading to the Katrina Hurricane response versus the TVA's Kingston ash spill - Essay Example ganization’s integrity by assisting individuals conform to the professional norms, avoid misdeeds and mistakes (such as nepotism and corruption) that go against public trust. Deontological ethics also ensure that the public officials within the constitutional republic are accountable to people (Adams and Balfour 4). A good example is the failure of the levees after Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans (Schwester 348). There are people who argue that the city of New Orleans should not have been located in such vulnerable environment. New Orleans is located below-sea level which is a factor that could have contributed to the vulnerability of New Orleans to Hurricane Katrina. The important factor is perhaps the New Orleans system of floodwalls and levees, which were built in the 1920s and in the 1930s. The Corps of Engineers and the levee districts did not maintain the levees and the floodwalls adequately. Furthermore, the soil structure initial assessment indicates that the system was built on substandard soil. This means that the levees could be overtopped by Category 3 storm. Multiple breaches in a number of waterways and from Lake Pontchartrain offered substantial evidence of inadequate risk assessment and failure to sufficiently protect the waterways (Adams and Balfour 8). The engineering ethical issues in regard to the Hurricane Katrina have accumulated since the construction of the floodwalls and levees during the 1920s and 1930s. Due to the economic significance of New Orleans, Morgan City, and the Baton Rouge, a system of levees was constructed in the past years to keep the river in its current bed and also to manage, or control frequent flooding. To make matters worse, flooding can result due to the Mississippi River large spring flows, and from storms blowing from the Gulf of Mexico. Thus, the operators and designers of a New Orleans flood control system are faced with sophisticated design conditions (Christian 6). In the early 20th century, pumping